Application
Large and medium sized waterworks: at present, chlorine disinfection is used in most waterworks in China.
Small waterworks: at present, both chlorine disinfection and bleaching powder disinfection are used.
Waterworks of enterprises: due to the small amount of water supply and relatively concentrated pipe network, drinking water disinfection method is usually used at present. Chlorine disinfection, bleaching powder disinfection, ozone disinfection, ultraviolet disinfection and chlorine dioxide disinfection are used. In some enterprises, sodium hypochlorite disinfection is also used.
Waterworks in rural areas: the water supply mode of deep well combined with water tower is usually adopted, and the fully treated surface water is also used. Bleaching powder disinfection is usually used, and sodium hypochlorite disinfection is also used sometimes. In a few waterworks, liquid chlorine disinfection, ozone disinfection, chlorine dioxide disinfection or ultraviolet disinfection are used.
Decentralized water supply in rural areas: there is still a considerable proportion of decentralized water supply in rural areas. In order to ensure the health and safety of drinking water, well water must be disinfected frequently. For this purpose, common disinfection method (adding bleaching powder) and continuous chlorination disinfection method can be used.
Comparison
|
Chlorine disinfection (liquid chlorine and chlorine dioxide disinfection) |
High inactivation rate of bacteria and virus; Residual disinfection capacity. |
Extremely high safety risk; Chemical disinfection produces toxic by-products; Poor killing ability of chlorine bacteria (bacteria and Escherichia coli). |
|
Ozone disinfection |
Thorough sterilization, no residue, broad-spectrum sterilization; It is recognized as a green, broad-spectrum and efficient disinfectant in the world. |
Complex process; High costs; It can produce bromate, toxic by-products. |
|
Ultraviolet disinfection |
Physical disinfection, no secondary pollution; Short contact time, fast sterilization; Chlorinated organic compounds can be degraded. |
No continuous bactericidal ability |
Chlorine combined with ultraviolet disinfection process can reduce or avoid the use of excessive chlorine disinfectant, thus reducing the possibility of public safety accidents. In addition, the application of ultraviolet technology can effectively reduce disinfection by-products.
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